divendres, 21 de novembre del 2014

INFLECTION: FORMATION OF FEMININE

1. The transformation of masculine into feminine affects nouns and adjectives. When gender is related to sex, the unmarked masculine form may take a feminine form. The procedures do get it are quite different in Catalan.

2. The following table refers to the main procedures to form the feminine. Observe that in some cases no morpheme is added, which means that both masculine and feminine are alike. No difference is made between nouns and adjectives (the case of abellot and cabrot corresponds to masculine nouns formed from feminine ones).

The hand on the left refers to exceptions.

MASCULINE
FEMININE
ENGLISH
important
gran
important
big
F
dolent
dolenta
bad
esplèndid
ridícul
absurd
malalt
prim
esplèndida
ridícula
absurda
malalta
prima
splendid
ridiculous
absurd
ill
thin
francès
portuguès
meravellós
grandiós
francesa
portuguesa
meravellosa
grandiosa
French
Portuguese
wonderful
grand, great
cansat
sofisticat
advocat
nebot
cansada
sofisticada
advocada
neboda
tired
sophisticated
lawyer
niece
F
candidat
remot
net
candidata
remota
neta
candidate
remote
clean
llop
lloba
wolf
serf
serva
servant
cambrer
sabater
pastisser
botiguer
cambrera
sabatera
pastissera
botiguera
waiter > waitress
shoemaker
pastry maker
shopkeeper
oficinista
especialista
taxista
clerk
specialist
taxi driver
fiscal
addicional
original
individual
nacional
attorney
additional
original
individual
national
secretari
empresari
secretària
empresària
secretary
entrepreneur
relatiu
educatiu
escandinau
esclau
nou
relativa
educativa
escandinava
esclava
nova
relative
educational
Scandinavian
slave
new
hebreu
europeu
hebrea
europea
Hebrew
European
F
hereu
jueu
hereva
jueva
heir
Jew(ish)
català
italià
americà
llunyà
catalana
italiana
americana
llunyana
Catalan
Italian
American
remote
ple
xilè
plena
xilena
full
Chilean
masculí
femení
ballarí
masculina
femenina
ballarina
masculine
feminine
dancer (> ballerina)
rodó
campió
rodona
campiona
round
champion
comú
comuna
common
amic
grec
amiga
grega
friend
Greek
públic
científic
pública
científica
public
scientific; scientist
mestre
mestra
teacher
professor
lector
elector
professora
lectora
electora
teacher, lecturer
assistant teacher
elector
rus
ros
mestís
gros
russa
rossa
mestissa
grossa
Russian
blond
half-blood
gross, fat
feliç
capaç
happy
capable
mosso
maco
guapo
mossa
maca
guapa
youngster
nice, funny
handsome > pretty
superflu
vidu
nu
cru
supèrflua
vídua
nua
crua
superfluous
widower > widow
naked
raw
biòleg
filòleg
psicòleg
biòloga
filòloga
psicòloga
biologist
philologist
psychologist
salvatge
suïcida
homicida
jove
belga
wild
self-murderer
murderer
young
Belgian
poeta
príncep
duc
marquès
comte
vampir
diable
hoste
jutge
sacerdot
déu
poetessa (old-fashioned)
princesa
duquessa
marquesa
comtessa
vampiressa
diablessa
hostessa
jutgessa
sacerdotessa
dea/deessa
poet
prince > princess
duke > duchess
marquis > marquise
count > countess
vampire
devil
host
judge
priest > priestess
god > goddess
heroi
gall
tsar
heroïna
gallina
tsarina
hero > heroine
rooster > hen
tsar > tsarina
emperador
ambaixador
actor
emperadriu
ambaixadora/ambaixadriu
actriu
emperor > empress
ambassador
actor > actress
abellot
bruixot
cabrot
abella
bruixa
cabra
bee
wizard > witch
goat
ase
cavall
pare
home
toro, bou
gos
oncle
marit
porc
somera
euga/egua
mare
dona
vaca
gossa/cussa
tia
dona
truja
donkey
horse (> mare)
father > mother
man > woman
bull > cow
dog
uncle > aunt
husband > wife
pig



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